Discrimination at Workplace and Behavior of employees as citizens: The mediating role of job dissatisfaction.

Abstract

Objective: This study examines how employees' Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is impacted by workplace discrimination and investigates the role that job dissatisfaction plays as a mediator in the relationship between OCB and workplace discrimination. According to the study, which is based on Organizational Justice Theory, discriminatory practices lower employees' desire to engage in discretionary and extra-role actions by increasing job unhappiness.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Employees in the manufacturing, healthcare, and educational sectors were surveyed using a standardized questionnaire as part of a quantitative study design. The proposed conceptual model was examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to look into the direct and indirect relationships between workplace discrimination, organizational citizenship behavior, and job dissatisfaction.

Findings: The results show that discrimination in the workplace has a negative impact on corporate citizenship. Additionally, this link is partially mediated by job dissatisfaction, suggesting that discriminatory interactions decrease employees' voluntary workplace actions by raising job dissatisfaction. The findings show that perceptions of unjust treatment have a negative impact on employee attitudes and behaviors, which empirically supports the Organizational Justice Theory.

Practical Implications: The study highlights the importance of promoting justice, equity, and inclusive corporate policies in order to reduce discriminatory circumstances and increase employee satisfaction. Effective diversity management techniques, anti-discrimination policies, and employee support initiatives should be used by managers and lawmakers in order to foster positive workplace behaviors, improve organizational performance, and increase employee engagement.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the body of prior research by integrating workplace discrimination, job dissatisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior into a unified theoretical framework. It broadens the application of Organizational Justice Theory by acknowledging job dissatisfaction as a critical psychological mechanism via which workplace discrimination affects employees' discretionary behaviors across numerous organizational sectors

Keywords: Workplace discrimination, Organizational citizenship behavior, Job dissatisfaction, and Organizational justice.